Peptide Reference
Library

Upregulates growth factor expression (VEGF, FGF), promotes angiogenesis and tendon-to-bone healing.

Promotes actin polymerization, cell migration, and new blood vessel formation.

Mimics incretin GLP-1, stimulates insulin secretion, suppresses glucagon, slows gastric emptying, reduces appetite.

Dual incretin agonist activating both GIP and GLP-1 receptors for enhanced glycemic control and weight loss.

Activates GLP-1, GIP, and glucagon receptors simultaneously for superior metabolic effects.

Binds to GHRH receptors on pituitary somatotrophs, stimulating pulsatile GH release.

Binds GHRH receptors to stimulate natural pulsatile GH secretion without desensitization.

Ghrelin receptor agonist with high selectivity for GH release.

Ghrelin mimetic activating GHS-R1a receptor on pituitary somatotrophs.

Ghrelin receptor agonist; more potent GH release vs GHRP-6 with moderate cortisol/prolactin increase.

Ghrelin receptor agonist; strongest GH release of GHRPs but desensitization occurs at ~4 weeks.

Oral ghrelin receptor agonist; raises GH/IGF-1 without suppressing natural secretion.

Activates melanocortin-4 receptors in the CNS to enhance sexual arousal.

Activates MC1R (melanocyte stimulation), MC3R/MC4R (sexual arousal, appetite).

Activates telomerase in somatic cells, potentially extending Hayflick limit.

Activates AMPK pathway; regulates mitochondrial metabolism and glucose uptake.

Binds cardiolipin on inner mitochondrial membrane, stabilizing electron transport chain.

Binds hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) receptor to promote spinogenesis and synaptogenesis.

Modulates GABA, serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine systems; enhances BDNF expression.

Increases BDNF/NGF, modulates serotonergic system; neuroprotective against oxidative stress.

Crosses blood-brain barrier; induces delta-wave sleep, modulates HPA axis.

Synthetic GHRH(1-44) that stimulates pulsatile GH release from pituitary.

Mimics the fat-burning region of hGH without anabolic effects; stimulates lipolysis in adipocytes.

Stimulates collagen synthesis, glycosaminoglycans, and decorin; promotes wound repair and anti-inflammatory effects.

Disrupts bacterial membranes; modulates immune response via TLR signaling and chemotaxis.

Stimulates pituitary somatotrophs to release GH in a pulsatile, physiological pattern. Does not suppress endogenous GH production.

Activates IGF-1 receptors to promote muscle hypertrophy, cell proliferation, and protein synthesis. LR3 modification reduces IGFBP binding.

Stimulates lipolysis and inhibits lipogenesis in adipocytes without affecting blood glucose or IGF-1 levels.

Activates toll-like receptors, enhances dendritic cell function, stimulates T-cell maturation and NK cell activity.

Pulsatile stimulation of anterior pituitary gland to release LH and FSH, maintaining gonadal function during exogenous hormone use.

Inhibits NF-κB signaling pathway, reducing pro-inflammatory cytokine production (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β). Effective systemically, topically, and orally.

Serves as electron carrier in mitochondrial electron transport chain; activates sirtuins (SIRT1-7) for DNA repair and gene silencing; substrate for PARPs.

Neutralizes reactive oxygen species (ROS), regenerates vitamins C and E, conjugates toxins for excretion, supports T-cell proliferation.

Binds oxytocin receptors in brain and peripheral tissues; modulates social behavior, anxiety, and stress response via hypothalamic-pituitary axis.

Modulates immune response via VPAC1/VPAC2 receptors; reduces pulmonary inflammation; neuroprotective and vasodilatory.

Restores thymic function and T-cell differentiation in aging immune systems; modulates cytokine production and immune homeostasis.

Binds IGFBP-3 and BAX to inhibit apoptosis; activates STAT3 signaling; neuroprotective against beta-amyloid toxicity.

Activates satellite cells for muscle repair; PEG modification extends systemic half-life from minutes to days.

Activates muscle satellite cells at the injury site; extremely short half-life requires local injection for targeted repair.

Contains neurotrophic factors (BDNF, CNTF, GDNF analogs) that promote neurogenesis, synaptogenesis, and neuronal survival.

Initial GnRH receptor stimulation causes LH/FSH surge; single low-dose use (100 mcg) can restart HPTA axis after suppression.

Disrupts FOXO4-p53 interaction in senescent cells, releasing p53 to trigger apoptosis. The D-retro-inverso structure provides protease resistance.

Binds and neutralizes myostatin (GDF-8) and activins, removing the natural "brake" on muscle growth. Also modulates FSH levels.

Activates GPR54 (KISS1R) receptor on hypothalamic GnRH neurons, triggering pulsatile GnRH release and downstream LH/FSH secretion.

Synergistic GH release: GHRH analog (Sermorelin) amplifies pulse amplitude at pituitary, while GHRP (Ipamorelin) initiates pulse via ghrelin receptor. Combined output exceeds either alone by 2-5×.

Penetrates nuclear membrane and binds DNA, regulating gene expression in neuronal cells. Promotes neuroprotection, reduces oxidative stress in brain tissue, and normalizes pineal gland melatonin production.

GHK-Cu stimulates collagen/elastin synthesis via decorin upregulation; BPC-157 promotes VEGF-driven angiogenesis and fibroblast migration; TB-500 (Thymosin Beta-4 fragment) promotes actin polymerization and systemic cell migration for diffuse tissue repair.

All GLOW mechanisms plus: KPV blocks NF-κB signaling to suppress TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β production, creating an anti-inflammatory environment that maximizes BPC-157 and TB-500 tissue repair activity.

Inhibits nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT), which consumes SAM and NAD+ precursors. Blocking NNMT spares NAD+ precursors, boosting cellular NAD+ and activating SIRT1/AMPK pathways.

Fatty acid–modified GLP-1 analog (97% sequence homology) that binds albumin to extend half-life. Stimulates insulin secretion, suppresses glucagon, slows gastric emptying, and reduces appetite via hypothalamic GLP-1 receptors.

Activates amylin receptors (CALCR + RAMPs) in the CNS and periphery to reduce food intake, suppress glucagon, and slow gastric emptying. Complementary mechanism to GLP-1 agonism for additive weight loss.

Dual-pathway metabolic suppression: semaglutide activates GLP-1 receptors for appetite suppression and glycemic control; cagrilintide activates amylin receptors for complementary satiety and glucagon suppression. Phase 2 showed ~15.6% body weight loss vs 5.1% (cagrilintide alone) and 9.8% (semaglutide alone).

Orally active ghrelin mimetic that activates GHS-R1a receptor on pituitary somatotrophs to stimulate GH release. Single-dose diagnostic protocol produces measurable serum GH peak within 1 hour.

Penetrates nuclear membrane and binds DNA regulatory regions in thymocytes, modulating gene expression related to T-cell maturation and thymic hormone production. Restores thymic output in immunosenescent subjects.

Interacts with DNA in cortical neurons to regulate gene expression for neurotrophic factors and antioxidant enzymes. Protects neurons against ischemic and oxidative damage in animal models.

Regulates gene expression in immunocompetent cells, promoting differentiation and functional activity of lymphocytes. Modulates cytokine production and immune cell proliferation.

Induces decondensation of pericentromeric heterochromatin in aging cells, reactivating silenced genes. Modulates hepatocyte gene expression for detoxification enzyme production and liver regeneration.

Regulates gene expression in chondrocytes for proteoglycan synthesis and collagen type II production. Supports cartilage matrix maintenance and may slow age-related cartilage degradation.

Regulates gene expression in vascular endothelial cells for nitric oxide synthase, adhesion molecules, and extracellular matrix proteins. Restores endothelial function in aging vasculature.

Modulates gene expression in bronchial epithelial cells for mucin production, ciliary function, and anti-inflammatory cytokine balance. Supports bronchial tissue regeneration.

Regulates gene expression in cardiomyocytes for contractile protein synthesis, mitochondrial biogenesis, and anti-apoptotic pathways. Supports cardiac tissue resilience under ischemic stress.

Contains organ-specific short peptides that regulate gene expression in cardiac cells. Supports cardiomyocyte metabolism, contractile function, and resistance to ischemic damage.

Contains organ-specific peptides that regulate gene expression in bladder smooth muscle and urothelium. Supports detrusor contractility and bladder wall integrity.

Penetrates lung epithelial cell nuclei and modulates gene expression for surfactant production, mucosal immunity, and alveolar cell regeneration.

Contains brain-derived short peptides that regulate neuronal gene expression for neurotransmitter synthesis, synaptic plasticity, and neuroprotective enzyme production.

Contains pineal-derived peptides that regulate pinealocyte gene expression for melatonin synthesis enzymes (AANAT, HIOMT). Supports circadian rhythm and neuroendocrine function.

Contains adrenal-specific peptides that modulate gene expression in adrenal cortex cells for cortisol, DHEA, and aldosterone production balance.

Contains muscle-derived peptides that regulate myocyte gene expression for contractile protein synthesis, satellite cell activation, and mitochondrial biogenesis in muscle tissue.

Contains lung-derived short peptides that regulate gene expression in alveolar and bronchial cells for surfactant production, epithelial integrity, and anti-inflammatory responses.

Contains prostate-specific peptides that regulate prostatic epithelial cell gene expression, supporting normal glandular function and reducing age-related hyperplastic changes.

Contains retinal and ocular peptides that regulate gene expression in photoreceptor and retinal pigment epithelium cells, supporting visual function and retinal cell survival.

Contains hepatic and GI-derived peptides regulating hepatocyte gene expression for cytochrome P450 enzymes, bile acid metabolism, and gastrointestinal mucosal integrity.

Regulates gene expression in pancreatic beta cells for insulin synthesis, glucose transporter expression, and islet cell survival. May support restoration of insulin secretory capacity.

Contains kidney-derived peptides that regulate gene expression in renal tubular epithelial cells and podocytes, supporting filtration, electrolyte balance, and tubular resorption.

Contains chondrocyte- and osteoblast-derived peptides that regulate gene expression for collagen type II, proteoglycan synthesis, and bone mineralization matrix proteins.

Contains gastric-derived peptides regulating gene expression in parietal and chief cells for HCl production, pepsinogen synthesis, and mucosal barrier integrity.

Contains pancreatic-derived peptides regulating gene expression in acinar and islet cells for digestive enzyme synthesis, insulin production, and pancreatic tissue homeostasis.

Contains hepatocyte-derived peptides regulating gene expression for cytochrome P450 detoxification enzymes, albumin synthesis, and hepatocyte proliferation.

Contains bronchial-specific peptides that regulate gene expression in airway epithelial cells for mucin balance, ciliary function, and local immune defense.

Regulates gene expression in Leydig and Sertoli cells for steroidogenic enzyme synthesis (StAR, CYP11A1) and spermatogenesis signaling pathways.

Contains testicular-derived peptides that modulate gene expression in Leydig and Sertoli cells, supporting testosterone synthesis and spermatogenesis.

Contains thyroid-derived peptides that regulate gene expression in thyrocytes for thyroglobulin synthesis, iodine uptake (NIS transporter), and thyroid peroxidase activity.

Contains vascular-derived peptides that regulate endothelial cell gene expression for eNOS, adhesion molecules, and extracellular matrix remodeling in vessel walls.

Contains retinal-derived peptides that regulate gene expression in photoreceptor, RPE, and ganglion cells for visual pigment synthesis, neuroprotection, and retinal cell survival.

Contains thymus-derived peptides that regulate thymocyte gene expression for T-cell maturation, differentiation, and immune surveillance restoration.

Contains ovarian-derived peptides that modulate gene expression in granulosa and theca cells for estrogen/progesterone synthesis and follicular maturation.

Binds zinc to form active Zn-thymulin complex. Promotes T-cell differentiation and maturation in the thymus, stimulates NK cell activity, and modulates cytokine production. Requires adequate zinc for biological activity.

Stimulates thymic hormone production, enhances T-cell differentiation markers (CD3, CD4, CD8), and normalizes Th1/Th2 cytokine ratio. Available as intranasal spray in Russian pharmacy.

Same mechanism as Selank (enkephalin stabilization, BDNF upregulation, GABA modulation) with enhanced bioavailability and CNS penetration due to acetyl and amide capping groups that resist aminopeptidase and carboxypeptidase degradation.

Inhibits leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) signaling while enhancing BDNF expression and adult hippocampal neurogenesis. Promotes dendritic and synaptic growth via CNTF receptor-independent pathways. Reduces tau hyperphosphorylation in Alzheimer models.

Same ACTH(4-10) fragment core as Semax with modifications for extended duration of action. Upregulates BDNF and NGF expression, modulates dopaminergic and serotonergic systems, and provides neuroprotective effects against oxidative stress.

Activates ERRγ nuclear receptor to upregulate mitochondrial biogenesis, fatty acid oxidation, and oxidative phosphorylation gene programs. Increases type I (slow-twitch) muscle fiber composition. Mice treated with SLU-PP-332 ran 70% longer and 45% farther than controls.

Agonist of the innate repair receptor (EPOR/βcR heterodimer) separate from the classical EPO receptor. Provides anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and tissue-protective effects without erythropoiesis. Completed Phase II trials for sarcoidosis-related neuropathy and diabetic neuropathy.

Multi-component neuropeptide preparation that provides neurotrophic support via BDNF-like and NGF-like activity, reduces glutamate excitotoxicity, stabilizes neuronal membranes, and modulates GABAergic/glutamatergic balance. Approved in Russian Federation since 1999.

Selective V2 receptor agonist on renal collecting ducts, increasing aquaporin-2 insertion and free water reabsorption. Also releases von Willebrand factor and factor VIII from endothelial stores.

Initial stimulation then sustained downregulation of pituitary GnRH receptors, producing chemical castration via suppression of LH/FSH and gonadal steroid production after 2-4 weeks of continuous exposure.

Binds melanocortin-2 receptor (MC2R) on adrenal cortex cells, activating adenylyl cyclase and stimulating rapid cortisol synthesis. The 250 mcg dose produces maximal adrenal stimulation within 30-60 minutes.

Binds V1a receptors on vascular smooth muscle (vasoconstriction), V2 receptors on renal collecting ducts (water reabsorption), and V1b (V3) receptors on anterior pituitary (ACTH release). Critical in hemodynamic rescue.

Sequesters G-actin monomers to regulate cytoskeletal dynamics, promotes cell migration and angiogenesis via Akt/mTOR signaling, reduces NF-κB-mediated inflammation, and upregulates laminin-5 for tissue repair.

Activates GHS-R1a on hypothalamic arcuate NPY/AgRP neurons to stimulate appetite, stimulates GH release from anterior pituitary, and exerts anti-inflammatory and cardioprotective effects via vagal afferents.

Selective MC1R agonist that stimulates eumelanin production by melanocytes, providing photoprotection without UV exposure. Does not activate MC3R/MC4R (unlike MT-II), so no appetite suppression or erectile effects.

Mimics N-terminal SNAP-25 domain, competing for SNARE complex assembly (SNAP-25/syntaxin/VAMP) at the neuromuscular junction. Reduces vesicle docking and acetylcholine release, relaxing superficial facial muscles.

Extended 8-residue sequence with greater binding affinity for the SNAP-25/syntaxin interface compared to hexapeptide Argireline. Reduces neurotransmitter release at the dermal neuromuscular junction for muscle relaxation.

The KTTKS pentapeptide sequence mimics a collagen breakdown product, activating the skin wound-repair cascade. Palmitoyl lipid tail enhances dermal penetration. Signals fibroblasts via integrin receptors to increase ECM synthesis.

Binds a specific Kyotorphin receptor coupled to Gi proteins, promoting Met-enkephalin release from neurons. Also inhibits DPP-III degradation of enkephalins, modulates NMDA receptor activity, and reduces amyloid-β aggregation.

Binds GHS-R1a on pituitary somatotrophs and hypothalamic GHRH neurons, stimulating dose-dependent GH release. Maintains pulsatile GH pattern, unlike exogenous HGH. Discontinued after Phase II due to modest efficacy vs. GH.

Prostate-specific Cytomax containing tissue-targeted peptides that modulate prostate cell gene expression, reduce inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6), improve microcirculation, and normalize prostatic secretion composition.

Retina-specific Cytomax containing tissue-targeted peptides that modulate retinal cell gene expression, reduce oxidative stress in photoreceptors, improve retinal microcirculation, and support RPE cell viability.

Multi-peptide pineal extract containing natural Ala-Glu-Asp-Gly (Epitalon) plus cofactors. Activates telomerase, modulates melatonin synthesis via AANAT gene expression, and reduces oxidative DNA damage in pinealocytes.